A. P. F. Atman, P. Claudin, G. Combe, R. Mari
We present an orthotropic elastic analysis of frictional granular layers under gravity by studying their stress response to a localized overload at the layer surface for several substrate tilt angles. The distance to the unjamming transition is controlled by the tilt angle {\phi} with respect to the avalanche angle {\phi}c . We find that the shear modulus of the system decreases with {\phi}, but reaches a finite plateau as {\phi} \rightarrow {\phi}c . We also analyze the vibration modes of the system and show that the soft modes play an increasing, though not crucial, role approaching the transition.
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http://arxiv.org/abs/1203.5996
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