T. R. Kirkpatrick, J. M. Ortiz de Zárate, J. V. Sengers
In this letter we consider the fluctuation induced force exerted between two plates separated by a distance $L$ in a fluid with a temperature gradient. We predict that, for a range of distances $L$, this non-equilibrium force is anomalously large compared to other Casimir forces. The physical reason is that correlations in a non-equilibrium fluid are generally of longer range than other correlations, even than those near an equilibrium critical point. This giant Casimir force is related to a divergent Burnett coefficient that characterizes an Onsager cross effect between the pressure and the temperature gradient. The predicted Casimir force should be detectable with currently available experimental techniques.
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http://arxiv.org/abs/1302.4704
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